Louis_Pasteur




   

media type="custom" key="3130842" ==Quotes  ==  <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: rgb(0, 255, 238); font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">"I am pursuing as best I can these studies on fermentation which are of great interest, connected as they are with the[[image:dtc.5.tif.jpg width="197" height="264" align="right"]] impenetrable mystery of Life and Death." (Vallery-Radot 87)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">He was interested in science for the good of the people and for his own curiosity but he <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">wanted his work to mean something and do good.
 * <span style="color: rgb(33, 254, 27); font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">" In 1888 the crowning work of Pasteur's life was the establishment of an Institute to serve as a centre of study in contagious disease, and a dispensary for treatment for hydrophobia, which is today he most important single centre of research in the world. " (Vallery-Radot xii)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Not only did Pasteur made many discoveries and inventions, he also set up schools so others can learn and make their own contributions to the study of sciences.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(240, 90, 0);">"It is obvious to those who came near Pasteur that, in spite of the regret caused on him by the decrease in his physical strength, his moral energy remained unimpaired." (Vallery-Rador 462)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pasteur had a very strong will and drive for knowledge and did not let anything get in the way, like hid paralysis in 1868 from which he recovered well.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(239, 67, 160);">"Never will the doctrine of spontaneous generation recover from the mortal blow struck by this simple experiment." - said Pasteur in his triumphant lecture at the Sorbonne in 1864.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Just by doing little experiments, Pasteur proved everything people believed in for generations.

=<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 255, 0); font-size: 19pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center; display: block;">Accomplishments = <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(4, 236, 8);"><span style="color: rgb(224, 127, 0); font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">__//I<span style="color: rgb(5, 235, 193);">ntroduction //__ <span style="color: rgb(5, 235, 193); font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Louis Pasteur, a nineteenth century French chemist, had many accomplishments in the fields of microbiology and chemistry. His discoveries and inventions made a great impact on advances in the medical field. Pasteur's most notable feat was his invention of the pasteurization of milk and wine, evidently named after him. His risky experiments required to make these discoveries saved many lives in the end.

<span style="color: rgb(230, 122, 0);">//__Bacteria__// Pasteur’s research on the process of fermentation led him to prove that it is caused by the growth of microorganisms, which were not produced by spontaneous generation as some other scientists from the same time believed. This experiment he conducted with boiled broth to disprove spontaneous generation also supported his germ theory. Often referred to as the father of bacteriology, Pasteur worked with Robert Koch to convince most of Europe of this theory first proposed years earlier. He eventually discovered anaerobiosis, which says that some microorganisms can develop and live without air or oxygen. <span style="color: rgb(34, 251, 19);"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 251, 19);"> //__Vaccines__// Louis Pasteur made many vaccines including one for anthrax and rabies. After doing experiments on microorganisms and their effects on beverages, he concluded that they could affect animals and humans also. His anthrax vaccine was initially made using his rival Jean-Joseph-Henri Toussaint’s method, although he claimed he had his own method by exposing the bacillus to oxygen, which eventually did produce a vaccine. The first vaccine for rabies was made after he grew the virus in rabbits and then dried the affected nerve tissue to weaken it. Pasteur also spent years researching two paras <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">itic diseases, pebrine and flacherie, both of which were killing silkworms at the time. He proved that these diseases were caused by a microbe attacking silkworm eggs and said that eliminating this microbe will get rid of the disease.

|| * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1870-1872 Pasteur was nearly killed when he went on a pilgrimage in search of his son, a sergeant in Bourbaki's force.( Vallery-Radot 12) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> || || * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Napoleon III was interested in him and his research and experiments and in March 1863, he had interviews and visits to the laboratory with Pasteur to know what is he doing and questioned him with "gentle, slightly dreamy insistence". (Vallery-Radot 104) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">His father, Joseph Pasteur, was Napoleon Bonaparte's old sergeant during the Napoleonic Wars.(Vallery-Radot 4) * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1848 was a year of revolutions all across Europe; nationalism soared and brought forth hatred among many countries and ethnic groups. * Franco-Prussian War and Treaty of Frankfurt stirred anti-<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">German feelings in France. (Vallery-Radot 182) * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">When Pasteur died, the government wanted his funeral to be a national one, acknowledging the many fundamental contributions he has made to France and the society. (Grolier) * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“What folly, what blindness, there are in the inertia of Austria, Russia, England. What ignorance in our army leaders of the respective forces of the two nations! I wish that France may fight to her last man, to her last fortress, I wish the war will be prolonged until inter, when the elements aiding us, all these Vandals may perish of cold and distress. Every one of my future works will bear in its title page the words: ‘Hatred to Prussia Revenge! Revenge!’ ” (Vallery-Radot 184) * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Government made Louis Pasteur research silkworms to cut the losses of the cloth industry since his work on curing the disease of wine was stupendous. (Galenet) || || * In 1867, Emperor Napoleon III granted Pasteur a pension, which was sufficient enough to support his scientific studies without requiring him to perform bureaucratic duties. (Science Online)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 255, 255);">__Social__
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">As a child, he saw his parents work constantly, out of necessity to pay for kid's schools, because they considered their kids' education essential. Thus Pasteur's material life was very light and moral values very high. (Vallery-Radot 7)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">In 1859, // Origin of the Species // published, which was written by Charles Darwin and hypothesized where all creatures came from and the theory of evolution. (Mickelsen)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">In 1876, Koch identified a germ connected with anthrax, to which Pasteur in later years finds a vaccine. (Mickelsen)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Telegraph and Morse code invented by Samuel Morse, later teleph ones were invented and thus communication was made easier with these inventions. (Mickelsen)
 * While being the dean of Ecole, he was not suited for numerous debates over student freedom of speech and struggle over budget and facilities that stormed France. (Vallery-Radot 105)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">He had a passion for order and was very deeply Catholic which translated into his respect for hierarchy and authority. (Wilson Web)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(239, 67, 160);">__Political__
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(4, 236, 8);">__Economical__
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Free trade in England flourishes as industrialization soars and ships leave ports with tons of good to sell to many colonies and Atlantic and Pacific trade routes. [[image:AP9509250305.jpg width="267" height="181" align="right"]]
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Iron and railway production soars in many countries and leads to better transportation.
 * Class mobility was quite free during the 1800s, if a bourgeois wanted to move up the ladder, and if they had enough money, they could do so. It was harder for workers to increase their status with constant working, yet it was not impossible. (Oxford)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Louis Pasteur has saved many people a lot of money, for if he had not invented pasteurization, milk would be bought more frequently, as well as wine and beer and other products that spoil fast without Pasteur's great experiment.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">Pasteur's studies had great economical significance because they provided a means of gaining some control over the production of wine, beer and vinegar. (Grolier) ||

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">media type="custom" key="3215674" Sources used in media: Oxford, Science Online, Grolier, Galenet and Vallery-Radot

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">QUIZ: http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=louis-pasteur-quiz

media type="custom" key="3188526"<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 203, 0);"> =<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 203, 0);">Sources: = <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">James E. Strick "Pasteur, Louis" The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science. J. L. Heilbron, ed., Oxford University Press 2003. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. Upper Merion High School. 19 February 2009 <http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t124.e0551>

"Louis Pasteur." Scientists: Their Lives and Works, Vols. 1-7. Online Edition. U*X*L, 2006. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2009. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC

Magner, Lois N. "Pasteur, Louis." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. 2009. Grolier Online. 19 Feb. 2009 <http://gme.grolier.com/cgi-bin/article?assetid=0221330-0>.

Mickelsen, Carl. www.class.uidaho.edu. 20 Feb. 2009 <http://www.class.uidaho.edu/mickelsen/Timelines/timeline19txt.htm>.

“Pasteur, Louis.” Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. 2001. Biography Reference Bank. H.W. Wilson. 19 Feb. 2009 <http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com/hww/results/getResults.jhtml?_DARGS=/hww/results/results_common.jhtml.21>.

Vallery-Radot, Rene. The Life of Pasteur. Trans. R. L. Devonshire. Garden City: Garden City Publishing, n.d.

=<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 173, 0);">Pictures: = =<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> = <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.flickr.com/photos/25428174@N04/2405501442/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/9817122@N05/2877072293/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/planetbizzy/1052224793/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/mariannec/1355329423/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/smithsonian/2551040609/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/chemheritage/3197070296/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/215961728/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/190164964/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/194318313/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/226452061/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/181067335/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/245707964/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/188088731/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/188082890/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/222820480/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/192575637/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/198589899/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/196317668/in/set-72157594149261230/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/urbanmkr/184435483/in/set-72157594149261230/ The Associated Press. “FRANCE BIRD FLU.” AP Images. 2009. AP. 6 Feb. 2009 <http://apimages.ap.org/>. - - -. “FRANCE/CURRENCY.” AP Images. 2009. AP. 6 Feb. 2009 <http://apimages.ap.org/>. Yahoo! Inc. flickr. 2009. 6 Feb. 2009 <http://flickr.com/photos/allaboutuni/2946079379/>. - - -. “Louis Pasteur.” flickr. 2009. 6 Feb. 2009 <http://flickr.com/photos/28544274@N07/2674224677/>. - - -. “Louis Pasteur’s Notes on Crystal Structure and Arsenites.” flickr. 2009. 6 Feb. 2009 <http://flickr.com/photos/chemheritage/3197070296/>. - - -. “RUE LOUIS PASTEUR - found on holiday in Brittany - France.” flickr. 2009. 6 Feb. 2009 <http://flickr.com/photos/planetbizzy/1052224793/>. http://www.flickr.com/photos/smithsonian/2551040609/ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-art/445964/3094/Louis-Pasteur http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/72/75572-004-A4F4B0A5.jpg

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