Karl_Marx



=**Karl Heinrich** **Marx (1818-1883)** =

 **1835** - Marx entered the University of Bonn, he preferred to study philosophy and literature. ("Karl Marx: Communism's Champion"). ("Karl Marx"). (Apsler, Alfred. __Prophet of Revolution Karl Marx__). ("Marx, Karl (1818-1883)").
 * 1818** **-** Born the eldest of nine children, in Trier, Prussia.
 * 1824** - Marx was Baptized.
 * 1836** - Marx was transferred and studied in University of Berlin, Marx then studied law and philosophy.
 * 1836** - Marx engaged to Jenny von Westphalen.
 * 1841** - Marx received doctorate from the University of Jena.
 *  1842** - Marx began contributing to a newspaper newly founded in Cologne, the //Rheinische Zeitung.//
 * 1843** - Marx married Jenny von Westphalen, his childhood sweetheart.
 *  1845** - The French Ministry of the Interior ordered Marx out of the country, under pressure from the Prussian government.
 *  1848** - Marx was ordered out of Belgium within 24 hours, but was invited to return to France by the Provisional Government.
 * 1848** - Marx publishes the //Communist Manifesto//.
 * 1849** - Marx took his family and settled in London.
 *  1847** - Marx published //The Poverty of Philosophy//
 *  1850** - Marx published //The Class Struggles in France//.
 * 1852** - Marx found a job as a correspondent for the //New York Daily Tribune.//
 * 1852** - Marx published //The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon.//
 * 1864** - Founding the International Working Men's Association.
 * 1867** - Volume I of //Capital// was published.
 * 1883** - Died of long-standing respiratory ailments on 13 March, in London, England.

= = =**Accomplishments**=

Karl Marx, born in Prussia, is world famous for laying the foundation of modern day socialism. Through publishing books and articles in newspapers, Marx had a wide influence on the general public and powerful leaders, especially in Russia and Asia. His philosophies started to form when he was a student in Berlin. At first, he used journalism to publicize his controversial ideals, such as the Rheinische Zeitung; however, the authorities suppressed these. Marx needed a bigger way to spread his ideals.

The Communist Manifesto
Marx’s most famous piece of published material is the infamous the Communist Manifesto, which was written in the year 1848 by Marx. It was in this work where he famously said, “The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. Workingmen of all countries, unite!" ("Karl Marx: quote on the proletariat.") In this book, Marx expressed his ideas about socialism. He felt that the bourgeoisie, even though he was a part of it, were extremely selfish and had been taking advantage of the hardworking proletariat since the industrial revolution. Since Marx supported Hegel’s idea that history is ideas in motion, he thought that the proletariat would rise up against the bourgeoisie and form a dictatorship of the proletariat. If the proletariat had control, a Marxist Utopia would form where people would work to the best of their abilities and take only what they needed. The Communist Manifesto is Marx’s biggest accomplishment because it is where socialist ideas originated and is what made Marx as famous as he is today.

The International Working Men’s Association
Karl Marx formed the International Working Men’s Association in 1864 as a way to spread plant the seeds of communism in the minds of workers around the world. The organization reached 800,000 members in just five years, but tension within the group itself caused it to dissolve in 1876. ("Karl Marx").

=Social, Political, and Economic Background=

(Prof. Allen Wood "Marx, Karl Heinrich"). ("Marx, Karl (1818-1883)"). || Karl Marx wrote countless number of articles in the //Rheinische Zeitung,// a rebellious newspaper in Prussia. ("Karl Marx"). "Marx, Karl (1818-1883)"). || Karl Marx came from a middle-class, bourgeois family. His father was a lawyer ("Karl Marx: Communism's Champion"). || ("Marx, Karl (1818-1883)"). ("Karl Marx"). || Marx openly spoke against a capitalist society. ("Karl Marx"). || Even though he was a bourgeois himself, he felt as though the bourgeoisie had been exploiting the hardworking proletariat, because the bourgeoisie were profiting from the proletariat's work, and the proletariat were being dehumanized in the process. He supported the proletariat and encouraged them to rise up ("The Communist Manifesto"). || ("Karl Marx: Communism's Champion"). ("Karl Marx"). || He joined the Communist League in Belgium, where he and Friedrich Engels drafted the //Communist Manifesto// ("Karl Marx: Communism's Champion"). || Laid the foundation for modern socialism; the idea that the government should control all aspects of the economy ("The Communist Manifesto"). || ("Karl Marx: Communism's Champion") ("Karl Marx"). || Joined the French worker's federation in 1863, the First International, which was revolutionary in nature. Marx was the leader of the group and had full control of it ("Karl Marx: Communism's Champion"). || In a Marxist Utopia, the dictatorship would set up a communist government, and the government would eventually be essentially unnecessary because people would work according to their abilities and take only according to their needs. This is how the economy would function ("The Communist Manifesto"). || ("Karl Marx: Communism's Champion") ("Karl Marx"). || Marx was in support of a dictatorship of the proletariat, and the ultimate dissolution of the government ("The Communist Manifesto"). || Wrote the //Communist Manifesto// (1848), where he expressed his ideas on economics ("The Communist Manifesto"). ||
 * **Social** || **Political** || **Economic** ||
 * Karl Heinrich Marx had born into a bourgeois family, the entire family was baptized as Protestants. Marx married Jenny von Westphalen, they had seven children. Marx and his family lived in poverty, because he was unable to find a job, his political views had disqualified him from many job opportunities. He had to use financial support from his friend, Friedrich Engels.
 * Marx saw the struggle between the different classes in society. He predicted that the proletariat would rise up in unity against the bourgeoisie. Marx deeply desired a socialist society.
 * He believed that human beings were not happy, and they were alienated by other factors, such as nature, and other men. He saw the society as cruel, and greedy. Workers gained fewer wages, and profits were primarily wages that were stolen from the workers.
 * Marx then Met Friedrich Engels, a rich German philosopher. They became close friends, they shared similar beliefs, and developed numerous theories together, for instance, together they wrote the //Communist Manifesto//.
 * Depicted the fact that he was unemployed most of his lifetime, however, Marx did gain some fame. A political group of German workers, called the Communist League, asked Marx and Engels to write its platform. In 1864, Marx formed the International Working Men's Association, spread the idea of communism among workers

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(Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. __The Communist Manifesto)__. ("Marx, Karl (1818-1883)"). ("Marx Publishes the Communist Manifesto, February, 1848").

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 * Works Cited**

Apsler, Alfred. __Prophet of Revolution Karl Marx__. New York: Julian Messner, 1967.

"Karl Marx." American Government. 2009. ABC-CLIO. 16 Feb. 2009 .

"Karl Marx: Communism's Champion." __World History: The Modern Era__. 2009. ABC-CLIO. 18 Feb. 2009 

"Karl Marx: quote on the proletariat." American Government. 2009. ABC-CLIO. 16 Feb. 2009 . Accomplishments

"Karl Marx." __World History: The Modern Era__. 2009. ABC-CLIO. 18 Feb. 2009 .
Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. __The Communist Manifesto__. New York : n.p., 1998.

"Marx Publishes the Communist Manifesto, February, 1848." //DISCovering World History//. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003. //Student Resource Center - Gold//. Gale. Upper Merion Area High School. 22 Feb. 2009 .

"Marx, Karl (1818-1883)." //DISCovering Biography//. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003. //Student Resource Center - Gold//. Gale. Upper Merion Area High School. 10 Feb. 2009 .

"Marx, Karl (1818-1883)." //UXL Biographies//. Online ed. Detroit: UXL, 2003. //Student Resource Center - Gold//. Gale. Upper Merion Area High School. 17 Feb. 2009 .

"Marx, Karl (1818-1883)." //UXL Biographies//. Online ed. Detroit: UXL, 2003. //Student Resource Center - Gold//. Gale. Upper Merion Area High School. 22 Feb. 2009 <http://find.galegroup.com/srcx/infomark.do? &contentSet=GSRC &type=retrieve &tabID=T001 &prodId=SRC-1 &docId=EJ2108101497 &source=gale &srcprod=SRCG &userGroupName=king46652 &version=1.0>.

Prof. Allen Wood "Marx, Karl Heinrich" //The Oxford Companion to Philosophy//. Oxford University Press 2005. //Oxford Reference Online//. Oxford University Press. Roberts Elementary School. 11 February 2009 <http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t116.e1517>

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